How do sap staining fungi differ from molds?

Sap staining fungi are characterized by their ability to invade and discolor the wood without causing significant structural damage. One of the distinguishing features of these fungi is their capacity to penetrate deeper into the wood compared to traditional molds. While molds typically grow on the surface of organic materials and are associated with conditions of excess moisture, sap staining fungi can effectively invade the inner structure of the wood, where they utilize the sugars found in the sap for nourishment. This deeper penetration means that they can cause aesthetic issues and affect the wood's coloration without necessarily compromising its integrity.

The correct distinction also highlights that sap staining fungi primarily contribute to discoloration rather than decay, which is often associated with more destructive types of fungi. Understanding this difference is crucial for pest control professionals, as it influences treatment options and prevention strategies for maintaining the integrity of wood structures.